There are various reasons for lower back pain, including lumbar disc herniation, lumbar muscle strain, lumbar spinal stenosis, lumbar spondylolisthesis, osteoporosis, etc. These conditions may appear separately or interact with each other, making the diagnosis and treatment of lower back pain complex and challenging. Lumbar disc herniation is one of the common causes of lower back pain. When the fibrous ring of the intervertebral disc ruptures and the nucleus pulposus protrudes, compressing the nerve roots, it can cause lower back pain and may be accompanied by lower limb radiating pain, numbness, and other symptoms. Lumbar muscle strain is usually caused by long-term poor posture, excessive fatigue, or acute injuries that have not been properly treated, resulting in chronic damage to soft tissues such as lumbar muscles and fascia, manifested as lower back pain and swelling, which worsens after fatigue.
The traditional treatment methods for lower back pain usually include rest, physical therapy (such as hot compress, cold compress, massage, traction, etc.), medication (such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants, etc.), rehabilitation training, and surgical treatment when necessary. However, these methods may not achieve ideal results for all patients, and some patients may still experience pain after receiving treatment or experience disease recurrence after a period of time.